You're way too proficient for my guessing game to be of any good use at all
I will do some more searching as this should have been been a fairly easy R+R. I certainly would have proceeded exactly as you have when servicing my brakes so this is important for all of us that like to do our own work. Of course I recall other times BMW has incorporated "interesting" answers to questions no-one was asking so you can never let your guard down completely
p.s.
If no circlip, etc., is in play, I still feel there is something binding that is the functional equivalent to preventing removal. Try pushing, tapping, separating the pads to make sure they are free to move even though you've done it before. Maybe a small piece of casting is hanging up on the bolt thread?